The goal of Apupiwe§
What it is for§
- P1. A universal human language: fundamentally the best language that can be built with what humanity and AI understand today. A thought experiment.
- P2. Its job is to let humans exchange meaning.
- P3. It is designed for native speakers, children who grow up with it, using the answers the world's languages each found independently.
- P4. Its speakers live among today's languages and cultures, and use it in speech and in writing, including online. "Speakers" means everyone who uses it, in either.
What "best" means§
Best is whatever exchanges meaning best, at a cost its speakers will pay.
- B1. Meaning gets through.
- B2. Words are hard to mishear.
- B3. A precise, unambiguous way to say anything exists, even when speakers don't use it.
- B4. Writing carries the same meaning as speech.
- B5. It is built from what many languages share, not from one.
- B6. It carries whatever its speakers need to say, modern life included.
- B7. It is predictable: words are made and connected by rule, with little to memorise.
- B8. It is brief.
- B9. It survives its speakers changing it. It doesn't try to control how it evolves.
- B10. Any adult can learn it.
How the criteria fit together§
- C1. B1 is the aim itself; every other criterion serves it. The rest are not a ranking. They are of three kinds:
- Guarantees, which must hold: B2, B3, B4, B6, B9 and B10.
- Costs, minimised together: a lifetime speaker's everyday effort (B8) plus learning effort (B7). Nothing arbitrary unless it pays for itself in everyday saving.
- The method: building from what many languages share (B5). Convergence across unrelated languages is evidence of what works, and it keeps the language fair to every culture.
- C2. The language's insides are built for native speakers, who learn it once and use it for life. Today's speakers are protected by the guarantees and by coexistence: it carries the conventions of the cultures it lives in, and where those conflict and one must be chosen, it follows the international standard.
- C3. When two forms cost about the same, prefer the one that doesn't sound like a common offensive word in a major language. This never overrides a cheaper or clearer form.
- C4. Agreement among languages doesn't count where it rests on a belief about the world now known to be wrong (the sun "rises"). There, the language describes what is observed instead, without building today's theories into its basic words either.
Hard limits§
- L1. It is for humans, not designed around machines or AI.
- L2. It coexists with existing cultures and carries their conventions (C2).
- L3. Where an international standard exists for a field, formal or de facto, the language follows it; for example, it is written in the Latin alphabet.
- L4. A word is borrowed only when the world already shares its form.
What it does not try to do§
- N1. Be a fantasy language, or have a signed form.
- N2. Favour adult learners over native speakers.
- N3. Weight cultures by how many people they have today.
- N4. Define everything. Style, idiom and change come from real use.
- N5. Aim for beauty of sound; its expressiveness is in meaning.
- N6. Be tailored to the projects that use it. Built well on its own, it will fit them.